"AmdmO X{ H$hm§ h¡,' gXm]hma JrV Vm{ gwZmB© X{Jm, b{oH$Z Cg JrV H$s Jmo`H$m, _nëbH$m-E-VaÝZw_,""_¡S>_''Zya Ohm§ H$s AmdmO A] H$^r gwZmB© Zht X{Jr$& eoZdma, 23 oXg§]a H$m{ oXb H$s ]r_mar g{ H$amMr _| CZH$m X{hm§V hm{ J`m$&

75 dfu` ZyaOhm§ ohÝXwñVmZ-[moH$ñVmZ oµ\$ë_r XwoZ`m H$s E{gr H$bmH$ma Wt, oOÝhm|Z{ _w§]B© Am¡a bmhm¡a Xm{Zm| OJh H$m_ oH$`m Wm$& H$bmH$mam| H$s Cg [rT>r _| em`X A] àmU hr EH$ E{g{ Ao^Z{Vm ]M J`{ h¢, oOÝhm|Z{ bmhm¡a g{ A[Zr o\$ë_r qµOXJr ewê$ H$s Wr$& 9-10 df© H$s Am`w _| hr, ZyaOhm§ Z{ ^r bmhm¡a g{ hr A[Zm oµ\$ë_r H¡$ar`a ewê$ oH$`m Wm$& ]mX _| dh ]å]B© Am`t Am¡a o\$a 1947 _|, X{e od^mOZ H{$ g_`, dm[g bmhm¡a Mbr J`t$&

bmhm¡a H{$ oZ_m©Vm oXbgwI [§Mm{br H$s [§Om]r o\$ë_ "`_bm OQ>' g{ CÝh| H$m_`m]r o_br$& 1941 _| ]Zr "`_bm OQ>' H{$ ES>rQ>a em¡H$V hþg¡Z naµµÁdr H$m{ [§Mm{br Z{ CZH$s AJbr o\$ë_ "˜mZXmZ' H$m oZX}eZ gm¢[m$& ZyaOhm§ Z{ o\$ë_ ˜mZXmZ _| hram{B©Z H$m am{b ^r AXm oH$`m Am¡a CgH{$ JrV ^r Jm`{$& AmdmµO Am¡a hþñZ H{$ Cg hgrZ g§J_ Z{ bmIm| ogZ{ Xe©H$m| H$m{ A[Zm e¡XmB© ]Zm oX`m Wm$& gM Vm{ `h h¡ oH$ AmO ^r EH$ gmW gwarbr AmdmµO Am¡a oXbH$e hþñZ H$m o\$ë_r g§J_ X{IZ{ H$m{ Zht o_bVm h¡$& ZyaOhm§ H{$ ]mX gwa¡`m EH$ E{gr Xygar hñVr Wt$&

"˜mZXmZ' H$s H$m_`m]r H{$ ]mX em¡H$V hþg¡Z naµµÁdr Z{ A[Zr Xygar oµ\$ë_ "Xm{ñV' ]ZmB© Am¡a Cgr H{$ g{Q> [a Xm{Zm| H$m BíµH$ OdmZ hþAm Am¡a o\$a emXr hþ`r$& emXr H{$ ]mX ZyaOhm§ o\$ë_m| _| AXmH$mar ^r H$aVr aht Am¡a JmZ{ ^r JmVr aht$&

em¡H$V gmh] H$s oµ\$ë_ "µOrZV' (1945) _| Vm{ ZyaOhm§ Z{ H$_mb hr H$a oX`m$& Cg oµ\$ë_ H$s EH$ µH$ìdmbr, "Amh| Z ^ar, oeH$d{ Z oH$`{..', AmO ^r o\$ë_r µH$ìdmob`m| _| g]g{ D§$M{ Z§]a [a h¡$& CgH{$ ]mX CÝhm|Z{ oXbr[ Hw$_ma H{$ gmW 1946 _| oµ\$ë_ "OwJZy ' _| H$m_ oH$`m$& oµ\$ë_ "AZ_m{b KS>r' (1946) H$m gXm]hma JrV ""AmdmO X{ H$hm§ h¡'', ZyaOhm§ H$m{ A_a H$a J`m$& 1941-42 g{ 1946-47 VH$ ohÝXr oµ\$ë_r XwoZ`m [a ZyaOhm§ N>mB© aht$&

[moH$ñVmZ ]ZZ{ H{$ ]mX, 1947 _| ZyaOhm§ A[Z{ em¡ha Am¡a ]ÀMm| H{$ gmW bmhm¡a Mbr J`t$& em¡H$V Z{ dhm§ [§Mm{br ñQy>oS>`m{ H$m Zm_ ]XbH$a "emhZya' ñQy>oS>`m{ ñWmo[V oH$`m$& b{oH$Z ]Vm¡a o\$ë_ oZ_m©Vm-oZX}eH$ dh [moH$ñVmZr o\$ë_r XwoZ`m _| ^r ZmH$m_ ah{ Am¡a A[Zr ì`p·VJV qµOXJr _| ^r$& XaAgb ZyaOhm§ ^r [moH$ñVmZr o\$ë_m| _|, ]å]B©`m o\$ë_m| H$s Vah H$m_`m]r hmogb Zht H$a gH$s¨$&

hmbm§oH$ CZH$s Hw$N> [moH$ñVmZr o\$ë_m| Z{ dhm§ AÀN>m o]µOZ{g oH$`m$& o\$a ^r ]å]B© dmbr ]mV Zht ]Z [mB©$& Hw$b o_bmH$a Xm{Zm| o_`m§-]rdr H{$ Am[gr naíV{ o]JS>Z{ bJ{ Am¡a Zm¡]V VbmH$ VH$ [hþ§M J`r$&

1957 _| ZyaOhm§ Z{ em¡H$V hþg¡Z naµµÁdr g{ VbmH$ b{H$a AXmH$ma EOmµO Xwam©Zr g{ Xygar emXr H$s$& oXbMñ[ ]mV `h h¡ oH$ em¡H$V gmh] Z{ ^r ZyaOhm§ H$s EH$ gh{br `mg_rZ g{ emXr H$s$& b{oH$Z Xygar emXr H{$ ]mX dmñVd _| ZyaOhm§ H$m [moH$ñVmZr o\$ë_ CÚm{J _| Xygam H$m_`m] OÝ_ hþAm$& Cg d·V g{ b{H$a ZyaOhm§ Z{ 1985 VH$ [moH$ñVmZ H$s CXy© Am¡a [§Om]r o\$ë_m| _| ]rg hµOma g{ µµÁ`mXm JrV Jm`{ Am¡a CZ_| Á`mXmVa ]{hV bm{H$oà` hþE$&

AmO ^r [moH$ñVmZ H{$ Jbr Hy$Mm| Am¡a Jm§d X{hmVm| _| CZH$m Jm`m, ""`h qµOXJr h¡ `m oH$gr H$m B§VµOma', "oZJmh| o_bmH$a', "Cg{ ]{_éìdV', "_wPg{ [hbr hr _whã]V' Am¡a AË`§V bm{H$oà` " bmb _{a{ [Z....' BË`moX Jy§OV{ ahV{ h¢$& JmZ{ H{$ gmW CÝhm|Z{ [moH$ñVmZ _| A[Zr EH$ gå_mZOZH$ gm_moOH$ hñVr ^r ]Zm`{ aIr$& Bgob`{ bm{J CÝh| gå_mZ[yd©H$ ""_¡S>_'' H{$ Zm_ g{ [wH$maV{ h¢$&

ogZ{_m odµOZ H{$ EH$ gwarb{ àm{J«m_ _| ogÕmW© H$mH$ Z{ 1982 _| CÝh| ]§]B© AmZ{ H$s XmdV Xr Wr$& H$B© ]rV{ hþE _ehÿa Jm`H$-Jmo`H$mAm| H{$ ]rM, AbJ g{ CÝhm|Z{ ^r Zm¡emX gmh] H{$ oZX}eZ _| VrZ JrV Jm`{ W{$& CZ_| "AZ_m{b KS>r' H$m `h JrV Vm{ Wm hr- ""AmdmµO X{ H$hm§ h¡...''? AmO ^r `hr AmdmO O¡g{ CZH{$ bmIm| àe§gH$m| g{ [yN>Vr ahr h¡- H$hm§ Mbr J`r dh AmdmµO?

Bg na[m{Q>© H{$ ]ma{ _| Am[H$s am` ·`m h¡?